Socio-Economic Factors and Job Satisfaction among Public Health Care Registered Nurses in Trinidad and Tobago
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v4i6.538Keywords:
Job satisfaction, Nurses, Trinidad and Tobago, HerzbergAbstract
The objective of this study is to measure the level of job satisfaction among selected registered nurses currently practicing within the public health service in Trinidad and Tobago. Extending Herzberg’s dual theory of job satisfaction, the study embraced a multi-dimensional measure of job satisfaction that included examinations of pay, autonomy, task requirements, organizational policies, interaction and professional status. The study also assessed the effects of various socio-demographic factors (namely: age, sex, education, and years of experience) on various dimensions of job satisfaction. Using a cross-sectional survey, we systematically selected and solicited the participation of 83 nurses within four randomly selected public hospitals in Trinidad and Tobago. Overall, findings revealed that levels of job satisfaction were generally low (42%) and even lower with nurse-nurse interaction (35%), professional status (23%), organizational policies (15%) and autonomy (1%) and for male nurses on all dimensions. Implications for further research and policy interventions are also discussed.
References
References
Abualrub, R., Omari, F., & Rub, A. (2009). The moderating effect of social support on the stress–satisfaction relationship among Jordanian hospital nurses. Journal Of Nursing Management, 17(7), 870-878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2009.01007.x
Al-Ahmadi, H. (2009). Factors affecting performance of hospital nurses in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. International Journal Of Health Care Quality Assurance, 22(1), 40-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09526860910927943.
Allaham, Aabida (2010). More Cuban Health Nurses Coming. Trinidad Express Newspaper, February 2.
Bender, K. A., Donohue, S. M., & Heywood, J. S. (2005). Job satisfaction and gender segregation. Oxford Economic Papers, 57(3), 479-496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpi015.
Bhatnagar, K., & Srivastava, K. (2013). Job satisfaction in health-care organisations. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 21(1), 75-78. doi:10.4103/0972-6748.110959.
Buitendach, J. H., & De Witte, H. H. (2005). Job insecurity, extrinsic and intrinsic job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment of maintenance workers in a parastatal. South African Journal of Business Management, 36(2), 27-37.
Chan, M. F, Luk, A., Sok Man, L., Siu Ming, Y., & Iat Kio, V. (2009). Factors influencing Macao nurses’ intention to leave current employment. Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 18(6), 893-901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02463.x
DeSantis, V., & Durst, S. (1996). Comparing Job Satisfaction among Public- and Private-Sector Employees. The American Review Of Public Administration, 26(3), 327-343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027507409602600305
Faris, J. A., Douglas, M. K., Maples, D. C., Berg, L. R., & Thrailkill, A. (2010). Job satisfaction of advanced practice nurses in the Veterans Health Administration. Journal Of The American Academy Of Nurse Practitioners, 22(1), 35-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2009.00468.x
Ghazzawi. I. (2011). Does Age Matter in Job Satisfaction? The case of U.S. Information Technology Professionals, Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications, and Conflict, 15 (1), 25-54.
Gök, A., & Kocaman, G. (2011). Reasons for leaving nursing: a study among Turkish nurses. Contemporary Nurse, 39(1), 65-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/conu.2011.39.1.65
Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. (2011). Ministry of Health Trinidad and Tobago. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov.tt/
Hegney, D., Plank, A., & Parker, V. (2006). Extrinsic and intrinsic work values: their impact on job satisfaction in nursing. Journal Of Nursing Management, 14(4), 271-281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2934.2006.00618.x
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B. (1966). Work and the nature of a man. Cleveland: World Publishing.
Hughes, R. (2008). Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses.
Kumar, B., & Giri, V. N. (2009). Effect of Age and Experience on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. ICFAI Journal of Organizational Behavior, 8(1), 28-36.
Lu, H., While, A. E., & Louise Barriball, K. K. (2005). Job satisfaction among nurses: a literature review. International Journal Of Nursing Studies, 42(2), 211-227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.09.003
Mahmood, A., Nudrat, S., Asdaque, M., Nawaz, A., & Haider, N. (2011). Job Satisfaction of Secondary School Teachers: A Comparative Analysis of Gender, Urban and Rural Schools. Asian Social Science, 7(8), 203-208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v7n8p203
Marshall, R., & Mahabir D. (2000). Readings in the socio-economics of health care and health reform in Trinidad and Tobago. Port of Spain: Printing Plus.
Manojlovich, M. (2005). Linking the Practice Environment to Nurses' Job Satisfaction through Nurse-Physician Communication. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 37(4), 367-373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2005.00063.x
Metle, M. h. (2001). Education, job satisfaction and gender in Kuwait. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(2), 311-332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585190122366
Ministry of Health, Trinidad and Tobago. Annual Statistical Report. (2004-2005).
Murrow, J. & Nowak, P. (2005). What nurses want. Health Services, 25 (1), 25-28.
Narace, Jerry. (2010). Address by the Minister of Health. Port of Spain. February 1.
Ofili, A. N., Usiholo, E. A., & Oronsaye, M. O. (2009). Psychologicalmorbidity, Job Satisfaction And Intentions To Quit Among Teachers In Private Secondary Schools In Edo-State, Nigeria. Annals Of African Medicine, 8(1), 32-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1596-3519.55761
Oulton, J. (2006). The Global Nursing Shortage: An Overview of Issues and Actions. Policy Politics Nursing Practice, 7(3): 34S-39S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154406293968
Pietersen, Charlotte (2005). Job satisfaction of hospital nursing staff. South African Journal of Human Resource Management. 3(2): 19-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v3i2.66
Pillay, R. (2009). Work satisfaction of professional nurses in South Africa: a comparative analysis of the public and private sectors. Human Resources For Health, 71-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-7-15.
RCN Direct (2012). Going Upstream: Nurses Contribution to Public Health. Prevent, promote and protect. RCN guidance for nurses. London: Royal College of Nursing.
http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/433699/004203.pdf.
Sancho, J. (1997). Health Reform in Trinidad and Tobago: Lessons for the Pacific Islands? Pacific Health Dialogue: The Journal of Community Health and Clinical Medicine for the Pacific Region, 4(1): 130-137.
Singh, P., & Loncar, N. (2010). Pay Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intent. Relations Industrielles / Industrial Relations, 65(3), 470-490. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/044892ar
Smerek, R., & Peterson, M. (2007). Examining Herzberg’s Theory: Improving Job Satisfaction among Non-academic Employees at a University. Research In Higher Education, 48(2), 229-250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11162-006-9042-3
Smith-Hunter, Andrea, Manimoy Paul and Frederick DeCaperis (2010). "Gender Role Perceptions and Job Satisfaction Levels." Journal of the Academy of Business & Economics 10(4): 62-72.
Spector, P.E., (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. London: SAGE Publications.
Stamps, P. (2001). The Index of Work Satisfaction Questionnaire (ver6). MA: Market Street Research, Inc.
Sweeney, A. P., Hohenshil, T. H., & Fortune, J. C. (2002). Job satisfaction among employee assistance professionals: a national study. Journal of Employment Counseling, 39(2), 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2002.tb00837.x
Takase, M., Kershaw, E. and Burt, L. (2002). Does public image of nurses matter? Journal of Professional Nursing, 18(4), 196-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jpnu.2002.127014
Tovey, E. J., Adams, A. E., & Adams, A. (1999). The changing nature of nurses’ job satisfaction: an exploration of sources of satisfaction in the 1990s. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 30(1), 150-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01059.x
Tsang, M. C., Rumberger, R. W., & Levin, H. M. (1991). The impact of surplus schooling on worker productivity. Industrial Relations, 30(2), 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-232X.1991.tb00786.x
Unruh, L. Y., & Nooney, J. (2011). Newly licensed registered nurses' perceptions of job difficulties, demands and control: individual and organizationalpredictors. Journal of Nursing Management, 19(5), 572-584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01239.x
Wieck, K., Dols, J., & Northam, S. (2009). What Nurses Want: The Nurse Incentives Project. Nursing Economics, 27(3), 169-201.
Wieck, K., Dols, J., & Landrum, P. (2010). Retention Priorities for the Intergenerational Nurse Workforce. Nursing Forum, 45(1), 7-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6198.2009.00159.x
Willem, A., Buelens, M., & De Jonghe, I. (2007). Impact of organizationalstructure on nurses’ job satisfaction: A questionnaire survey. International Journal Of Nursing Studies, 44(6), 1011-1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.03.013
World Bank (2010). The Nurse Labor and Education Markets in the English-Speaking CARICOM: Issues and Options for Reform, Washington DC: World Bank.
World Development Report (2014). World Development Report 2014: Risk and Opportunity: Managing Risk for development. Washington, D.C: The World Bank.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
