Callous-unemotional traits with mental disorders in adolescents by two-way Log-ratio analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v10i4.1309Keywords:
ICU, SDQ, Log-ratio analysis, RC(M) association model, odds ratiosAbstract
Psychopathy is complex phenomenon associate to personality disorder that manifests at a relatively early age and tends to be relatively stable throughout life. Psychopathy in adolescents is currently being studied using the approach of callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Recent studies have shown that adolescents with these traits have different causal factors leading to their behavior problems and mental disorders. Here I propose to use the log-ratio analysis, for two-way contingency table, for assessing the correlation between CU traits and mental disorders in adolescents. The data are provided by H.E.R.A.C.L.E. Lab (Unicusano research center on health education) and obtained submitting to a sample of 689 high school students two questionnaires: The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) and The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)). In two-way tables obtained, an odds ratio reflects the likelihood that a ICU trait (callousness, uncaring and unemotional) will have with SDQ values (normal, borderline and abnormal). Log-ratio analysis presents many advantages, among which the computation and the visual representation in a biplot map of the odds ratio that allows the correlation in terms of distances between points.
References
Agresti A. (2002). Categorical Data Analysis. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics.
Altham P.M.E. (1970). The Measurement of Association of Rows and Columns for an r × s Contingency Table. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 32(1):63-73.
Aspan N., Bozsik C., Gadoros J., Nagy P., Inantsy-Pap, J. Vida P. and Halasz J. (2014). Emotion recognition pattern in adolescent boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. BioMed research international.
Bøe T., Hysing M., Skogen J.C., and Breivik K. (2016). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): Factor Structure and Gender Equivalence in Norwegian Adolescents. PLoS One, 11(5).
Ciucci, E., Baroncelli, A., Franchi, M., Golmaryami, F.N., & Frick, P.J. (2014). The association between callous-unemotional traits and behavioral and academic adjustment in children: Further validation of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 36:189-200.
Dadds, M. R., Fraser, J., Frost, A., & Hawes, D. J. (2005). Disentangling the Underlying Dimensions of Psychopathy and Conduct Problems in Childhood: A Community Study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3):400–410.
de Rooij M. and Anderson C.J. (2007). Visualizing, summarizing, and comparing odds ratio structures. Methodology, 3:139-148.
de Rooij M. and Heiser W.J. (2005) Graphical representations and odds ratios in a distance-association model for the analysis of cross-classified data. Psychometrika, 70(1):99–122.
Edwardes M.D. and Baltzan M. (2000). The generalization of the odds ratio, risk ratio and risk difference to r x k tables. Statistics in medicine, 19(14):1901-14.
Eshima, N. and Tabata, M. (1997). The RC(M) association model and canonical correlation
Essau, C.A., Sasagawa, S., & Frick, P.J. (2006). Callous-unemotional traits in a community sample of adolescents. Assessment, 13: 454-469.
Fanti, K.A. Frick, P.J., & Georgiou, S. (2009). Linking callous-unemotional traits to instrumental and non-instrumental forms of aggression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 31:285-298.
Frick P.J. (2004). The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional traits: Unpublished rating scale.
Frick P.J., Cornell A.H., Bodin S.D., Dane H.E., Barry C.T. and Loney B.R. (2003). Callous-unemotional traits and developmental pathways to severe conduct problems. Developmental psychology, 39(2):246-260.
Frick, P. J., Ray, J.V., Thornton, L. C.,&Kahn, R. E. (2013). Can callousunemotional traits enhance the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of serious conduct problems in children and adolescents? Psychological Bulletin. 140(1):1-57.
Goodman R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 38(5):581–600.
Goodman R. (1999). The extended version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a guide to child psychiatric caseness and consequent burden. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 40(5):791–9.
Goodman, L.A. (1979) Simple Models for the Analysis of Association in Cross-Classifications Having Ordered Categories. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74:537-552.
Goodman. R. (2001). Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40 (11), 1337-1345.
Greenacre M. (2009). Correspondence Analysis in Practice. Journal of the International Biometric Society, 65(3): 997-998.
Hall C., Guo B., Valentine A., Groom M., Daley D., Sayal K., Hollis C. (2019). The validity of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for children with ADHD symptoms. US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health.
Hare R.D and Neumann C.S. (2008). Psychopathy as a clinical and empirical construct. Annual review of clinical psychology, vol. 4:217-246.
Kessler R.C., Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas K.R., Walters E.E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of dsm-iv disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(6):593–602.
Law, D., & Wolpert, M. (2014). Guide to using outcomes and feedback tools with children, young people and families. UK: Press CAMHS.
Loeber R. and Farrington D.P. (2000). Young children who commit crime: epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications. Development and psychopathology, 12(4):737-62.
Lundh, L.G., Wangby-Lundh, M., & Bjarehed, J. (2008). Self-reported emotional and behavioral problems in Swedish 14 to 15-year-old adolescents: A study with the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49:523–532.
Lynam D.R. (1996). Early identification of chronic offenders: who is the fledgling psychopath? Psichological bulletin, 120(2):209-234.
Mellor D, Stokes M. (2007). The factor structure of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23(2):105–120.
Merikangas KR, He J-p, Burstein M, Swanson SA, Avenevoli S, Cui L, et al. (2010). Lifetime Prevalence of Mental Disorders in U.S. Adolescents: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication–Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(10):980–900.
Polanczyk G.V., Salum G.A., Sugaya L.S., Caye A, Rohde L.A. (2015). Annual research review: A meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 56(3):345–65.
Rossi L., Lombardo R., D’Ambra A. (2019). Testing interactions in three-way contingency tables: Chi-squared statistic, Likelihood-ratio or Relative Entropy. Book of IES 2019 Proceedings
Walters G.D., Knight R.A., Grann M, Dahle K-P. (2008). Incremental validity of the Psychopathy Checklist facet scores: predicting release outcome in six samples. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(2):396–405.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
